The Burden of Mental Disorders in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, 1990-2013

Raghid Charara; Mohammad Forouzanfar; Mohsen Naghavi; Maziar Moradi-Lakeh; Ashkan Afshin; Theo Vos; Farah Daoud; Haidong Wang; Charbel El Bcheraoui; Ibrahim Khalil; Randah R Hamadeh; Ardeshir Khosravi; Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar; Yousef Khader; Nawal Al-Hamad; Carla Makhlouf Obermeyer; Anwar Rafay; Rana Asghar; Saleem M Rana; Amira Shaheen; Niveen M E Abu-Rmeileh; Abdullatif Husseini; Laith J Abu-Raddad; Tawfik Khoja; Zulfa A Al Rayess; Fadia S AlBuhairan; Mohamed Hsairi; Mahmoud A Alomari; Raghib Ali; Gholamreza Roshandel; Abdullah Sulieman Terkawi; Samer Hamidi; Amany H Refaat; Ronny Westerman; Aliasghar Ahmad Kiadaliri; Ali S Akanda; Syed Danish Ali; Umar Bacha; Alaa Badawi; Shahrzad Bazargan-Hejazi; Imad A D Faghmous; Seyed-Mohammad Fereshtehnejad; Florian Fischer; Jost B Jonas; Barthelemy Kuate Defo; Alem Mehari; Saad B Omer; Farshad Pourmalek; Olalekan A Uthman; Ali A Mokdad; Fadi T Maalouf; Foad Abd-Allah; Nadia Akseer; Dinesh Arya; Rohan Borschmann; Alexandra Brazinova; Traolach S Brugha; Ferrán Catalá-López; Louisa Degenhardt; Alize Ferrari; Josep Maria Haro; Masako Horino; John C Hornberger; Hsiang Huang; Christian Kieling; Daniel Kim; Yunjin Kim; Ann Kristin Knudsen; Philip B Mitchell; George Patton; Rajesh Sagar; Maheswar Satpathy; Kim Savuon; Soraya Seedat; Ivy Shiue; Jens Christoffer Skogen; Dan J Stein; Karen M Tabb; Harvey A Whiteford; Paul Yip; Naohiro Yonemoto; Christopher J L Murray; Ali H Mokdad

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0169575

Back

The Burden of Mental Disorders in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, 1990-2013

Journal article

Open access

Peer reviewed

The Burden of Mental Disorders in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, 1990-2013

Raghid Charara, Mohammad Forouzanfar, Mohsen Naghavi, Maziar Moradi-Lakeh, Ashkan Afshin, Theo Vos, Farah Daoud, Haidong Wang, Charbel El Bcheraoui, Ibrahim Khalil, …

PloS one, Vol.12(1), pp.e0169575-e0169575

17/01/2017

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0169575

PMCID: PMC5240956

PMID: 28095477

Abstract

Adolescent

Adult

Age Factors

Aged

Aged, 80 and over

Child

Child, Preschool

Female

Global Health

Health Status

Humans

Infant

Infant, Newborn

Life Expectancy

Male

Mediterranean Region - epidemiology

Mental Disorders - epidemiology

Middle Aged

Sex Factors

Time Factors

Young Adult

The Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) is witnessing an increase in chronic disorders, including mental illness. With ongoing unrest, this is expected to rise. This is the first study to quantify the burden of mental disorders in the EMR. We used data from the Global Burden of Disease study (GBD) 2013. DALYs (disability-adjusted life years) allow assessment of both premature mortality (years of life lost-YLLs) and nonfatal outcomes (years lived with disability-YLDs). DALYs are computed by adding YLLs and YLDs for each age-sex-country group. In 2013, mental disorders contributed to 5.6% of the total disease burden in the EMR (1894 DALYS/100,000 population): 2519 DALYS/100,000 (2590/100,000 males, 2426/100,000 females) in high-income countries, 1884 DALYS/100,000 (1618/100,000 males, 2157/100,000 females) in middle-income countries, 1607 DALYS/100,000 (1500/100,000 males, 1717/100,000 females) in low-income countries. Females had a greater proportion of burden due to mental disorders than did males of equivalent ages, except for those under 15 years of age. The highest proportion of DALYs occurred in the 25-49 age group, with a peak in the 35-39 years age group (5344 DALYs/100,000). The burden of mental disorders in EMR increased from 1726 DALYs/100,000 in 1990 to 1912 DALYs/100,000 in 2013 (10.8% increase). Within the mental disorders group in EMR, depressive disorders accounted for most DALYs, followed by anxiety disorders. Among EMR countries, Palestine had the largest burden of mental disorders. Nearly all EMR countries had a higher mental disorder burden compared to the global level. Our findings call for EMR ministries of health to increase provision of mental health services and to address the stigma of mental illness. Moreover, our results showing the accelerating burden of mental health are alarming as the region is seeing an increased level of instability. Indeed, mental health problems, if not properly addressed, will lead to an increased burden of diseases in the region.

Files and links (1)

url

https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0169575View

Published (Version of record) Open

Metrics

1 Record Views

See more details

Details

Title: The Burden of Mental Disorders in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, 1990-2013
Creators - without role: Raghid Charara - Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation
Mohammad Forouzanfar - Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation
Mohsen Naghavi - Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation
Maziar Moradi-Lakeh - Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation
Ashkan Afshin - Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation
Theo Vos - Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation
Farah Daoud - Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation
Haidong Wang - Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation
Charbel El Bcheraoui - Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation
Ibrahim Khalil - Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation
Randah R Hamadeh - Arabian Gulf University
Ardeshir Khosravi - Ministry of Health and Medical Education
Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar - Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Yousef Khader - Jordan University of Science and Technology
Nawal Al-Hamad - Public Authority for Applied Education and Training
Carla Makhlouf Obermeyer - American University of Beirut
Anwar Rafay - Contech
Rana Asghar - Forum
Saleem M Rana - Contech
Amira Shaheen - An-Najah National University
Niveen M E Abu-Rmeileh - Birzeit University
Abdullatif Husseini - Birzeit University
Laith J Abu-Raddad - Harvard University
Tawfik Khoja - Health Ministers’ Council for Cooperation Council States, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Zulfa A Al Rayess - Saudi Center for Disease Prevention and Control
Fadia S AlBuhairan - King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences
Mohamed Hsairi - Ministry of Health—Tunisia (Faculty of Medicine Tunis), Tunis, Tunisia
Mahmoud A Alomari - Jordan University of Science and Technology
Raghib Ali - University of Oxford
Gholamreza Roshandel - Golestan University
Abdullah Sulieman Terkawi - University of Virginia
Samer Hamidi - Hamdan Bin Mohammed Smart University
Amany H Refaat - Suez Canal University
Ronny Westerman - Federal Institute for Population Research
Aliasghar Ahmad Kiadaliri - Lund University
Ali S Akanda - University of Rhode Island
Syed Danish Ali - SIR Consultants, Sindh, Pakistan
Umar Bacha - University of Management and Technology
Alaa Badawi - Public Health Agency of Canada
Shahrzad Bazargan-Hejazi - Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science
Imad A D Faghmous - London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
Seyed-Mohammad Fereshtehnejad - Karolinska Institutet
Florian Fischer - Bielefeld University
Jost B Jonas - University Medical Centre Mannheim
Barthelemy Kuate Defo - Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health of the University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Alem Mehari - Howard University
Saad B Omer - Emory University
Farshad Pourmalek - University of British Columbia
Olalekan A Uthman - University of Warwick
Ali A Mokdad - Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
Fadi T Maalouf - American University of Beirut
Foad Abd-Allah - Cairo University
Nadia Akseer - SickKids Foundation
Dinesh Arya - Northern Territory Health Services
Rohan Borschmann - Murdoch Children's Research Institute
Alexandra Brazinova - University of Trnava
Traolach S Brugha - University of Leicester
Ferrán Catalá-López - INCLIVA Health Research Institute
Louisa Degenhardt - UNSW Sydney
Alize Ferrari - Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation
Josep Maria Haro - Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu
Masako Horino - Nevada Division of Public and Behavioral Health
John C Hornberger - Menlo School
Hsiang Huang - Cambridge Health Alliance
Christian Kieling - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul
Daniel Kim - Northeastern University
Yunjin Kim - Southern University College
Ann Kristin Knudsen - Norwegian Institute of Public Health
Philip B Mitchell - UNSW Sydney
George Patton - University of Melbourne
Rajesh Sagar - All India Institute of Medical Sciences
Maheswar Satpathy - Utkal University
Kim Savuon - Ministry of Health
Soraya Seedat - Stellenbosch University
Ivy Shiue - Northumbria University
Jens Christoffer Skogen - Norwegian Institute of Public Health
Dan J Stein - Massachusetts Rehabilitation Commission
Karen M Tabb - University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
Harvey A Whiteford - University of Queensland
Paul Yip - University of Hong Kong
Naohiro Yonemoto - Kyoto University
Christopher J L Murray - Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation
Ali H Mokdad - Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation
Publication Details: PloS one, Vol.12(1), pp.e0169575-e0169575
Identifiers: 9913897408331
Academic Unit: Alfaisal University; King Saud University
Language: English
Resource Type: Journal article