Abstract
Metformin is a biguanide oral hypoglycemic drug used primarily in the treatment of DM. Nigella sativa (Active ingredient, Thymoquinone) has been found effective in lowering serum glucose levels and has protective effects preventing the complications of Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Mellitus causes several complications, affecting almost every organ of the body. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of DM on liver, heart and kidney and to observe the protective as well as curative effects of Metformin and Nigella sativa from those complications. The results obtained indicate that DM causes inflammation in liver and kidney and also leads to hydropic changes. While no significant changes could be observed in the heart during the study, it was observed that Both Nigella sativa and Metformin decrease the early inflammatory changes caused by STZ induced DM in the rat liver and kidneys but the hydropic changes continue.