Abstract
Objective: The objective of this study was to find the differences in urinary albumin excretion rate and glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) between nonsmoking, currently smoking and formerly smoking type 2 diabetic patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh -Saudi Arabia on 111 diabetic patients attending Family Medicine Clinics and primary care clinics. The data was collected from a selfadministered questionnaire, in addition to laboratory data from the EsiHI system. Results: Results showed Mild to moderate decreased eGFR among 1.6% of non-smokers, 6.2% of current smokers, and 3.1% of former smokers. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that current smokers were at higher risk of low eGFR and Albuminuria compared to former smokers. In addition, it was found that there was a significant risk of Albuminuria among current smokers who started smoking at age of <= 25 years (OR: 3.51, CI: 2.076.19, p<0.05), former smokers who smoked for more than 10 years (OR: 3.14, CI: 1.84-4.68, p<0.05), current smokers who smoked for 5 to 10 years (OR: 2.68, CI: 1.56-3.41, p<0.05), current smokers who smoked for more than 10 years (OR: 3.61, CI: 1.89-6.84, p<0.05), current smokers who smoke one type (OR: 2.84, CI: 2.21-6.06, p<0.05), and current smokers who smoked more than one type (OR: 3.51, CI: 2.07-8.14, p<0.05). Conclusion: The present study concluded that age of starting smoking, duration of smoking and types of smoked products are significant predictors of low eGFR and Albuminuria among diabetics who are current smokers.