Abstract
Aim The present study aimed to monitor the clinical outcomes and the metabolic response of periodontal therapy (non-surgical) in patients with periodontitis (chronic) and uncontrolled diabetes (type 2).
Methods Eighty-eight subjects with periodontitis (chronic) and uncontrolled diabetes (type 2) were enrolled in this controlled trial and allocated randomly to the test group (44 patients were received immediate periodontal therapy) or the control group (44 patients were received delayed periodontal therapy). The metabolic and clinical evaluations were conducted at baseline and 3 months. This included clinical attachment level, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), bleeding on probing, visible plaque, and pocket depth. The periodontal therapy in this study consists of one-stage scaling and root planning, a combination of systemic antibiotics (amoxicillin 500 mg and metronidazole 400 mg), and oral hygiene instructions.
Results Regarding clinical and metabolic parameters at baseline, no statistically significant differences were displayed between the two groups. However, at 3-month follow-up period the patients within the test group demonstrated significantly better clinical and metabolic outcomes than patients in the control group.
Conclusion The non-surgical periodontal treatment using a combination of metronidazole and amoxicillin significantly improved the metabolic outcome in addition to periodontal health in diabetic subjects with chronic periodontitis.