Abstract
This paper examines the relationship between crude oil prices and banking sector market indices in the oil-exporting economies of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), using daily frequency data over 2010–2017. Controlling for global banking impacts (S&P500 Banking Index) and interest rates (T-bills), dynamic ordinary least squared (DOLS) and fully modified ordinary least squared (FM-OLS) analysis indicates that oil prices positively affect bank indices until the $95 per barrel mark, after which the impact becomes negative, close to the psychological barrier found in the US equity market. The S&P500 Banking Index positively affects the GCC banking sector, whereas the interest rate affects it negatively. The validity of an inverse U-shaped relationship between crude oil price and banking sector indices is demonstrated. Causality analysis reveals the existence of bidirectional causalities between the prices of crude oil, GCC banking sectors, and the US banking sector. This paper demonstrates a vital non-linear relationship for oil-banking portfolio management and hedging strategies with oil price risk.
•The link between oil prices and banking sector indices in the Gulf Cooperation Council economies is investigated.•Oil prices positively affect bank indices until the $95 per barrel mark.•After the $95 mark, the impact becomes negative.•An inverse U-shaped relationship between crude oil price and banking sector indices is found.•A non-linear relationship is detected for oil-banking portfolio management and hedging strategies with oil price risk.