Abstract
Nowadays friction stir processing (FSP) has been used as a surface modification technology. The FSP improves the surface properties of the material by intense plastic deformation, mixing and breaking the base material through stirring action alongside the heat generated by friction to achieve dense and homogenized microstructure. Moreover, FSP is a unique technology to develop surface material matrix composites (MMC) via embedding various reinforcement particles. Recently, many publications have reported the role of various types of reinforcing particles during FSP and their effect on the surface properties such as hardness, tribological and corrosion behaviors. This paper summarizes the state-of-the-art research on FSP technology, providing an in-depth discussion of various types of reinforcement particles to produce surface MMC. This review focusses on the effect of FSP parameters and types of reinforcement particles on the microstructure, mechanical properties, tribological and corrosion behaviors. Finally, it outlines the suggestions and future development directions of FSP as a surface modification technology.