Abstract
Objective. - The objective of this study is to estimate the prevalence of anabolic hormones (AH) usage in Kuwaiti males, to examine characteristics of AH users, and to explore the association between AH use and the self-reported side effects.
Material and methods. - A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 150 Kuwaiti males visiting gyms in Kuwait city, Kuwait. Information on demographics and use of anabolic hormone was included in a self-administered questionnaire.
Results. - A response rate of 94% was achieved. The prevalence of anabolic hormones in Kuwait was 22.7% (95% CI, 20.4-36.3), and it was higher among those in the 30-39 years 35.1%. Its prevalence was also significantly higher among males who received basic education 28.6% (P= 0.003). The most common types of anabolic hormones used among Kuwaiti males are growth hormone (79.4%), testosterone (52.9%) and Deca-Durabolin (47.1%). Around 14.7% of the participants who used anabolic hormones reported depression, 35.3% reported aggressive behavior and 41.2% reported sexual problems. (C) 2018 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.