Abstract
To study the cytotoxic evaluation, antimicrobial and confocal analysis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) obtained from a novel plant product fennel (
Mill.) seed extract (FSE).
ZnO NPs were analyzed using UV-Vis spectroscopy, XRD, FTIR, TEM and EDX techniques. The MTT cell cytotoxicity assay measured the proliferation and survival of MCF-7 cells treated at different concentrations of FSE-derived ZnO NPs. The antimicrobial activity towards pathogenic bacteria and yeast strains was investigated.
The UV-Vis spectra showed two peaks at 438 nm and 446 nm, confirming nanoparticle formation. The SEM morphology results showed porous ranging from 23-51 nm. The antitumor activity value (IC
) was at 50 µg/mL and 100 µg/mL. Besides, morphological changes of MCF-7, cells treated at different concentrations of FSE of ZnO NPs were observed in cell cultures transfected with a transient pCMV6-XL4-GFP-expressing vector containing C-terminal domain GFP-tagged proteins, which resulted in an apoptotic effect. Antimicrobial IZ ranged up No Inhibition to 18.00 ± 0.4. The IZ revealed at the highest concentration was
VRE and yeast
sp. (18.00 ± 0.4. mm), followed by
(17.00 ± 0.2 mm) and
and the yeast
(16 ± 0.4 mm). The IZ was equal to that caused by the nystatin to
sp., which was significantly highest than ampicillin treatments of
, and
. The MIC value of the FSE-derived ZnO NPs tested against E.faecium and C.albicans was 6.00 µg/mL (
and
). It was 32.00 µg/mL (
and
sp.), 64.00 µg/mL (
), and 128 µg/mL (
).
As far as it is to our knowledge, this study established, for the first time, the biological activities of biosynthesized ZnO NPs from FSE and their synergistic therapeutic potential.