Abstract
Serious environmental problems, such as global resource depletion and climate warming, have currently become the most discussed issues. The design and development of a green product is crucial for mitigating environmental problems. Note that product design determines nearly 80% of the product cost and 70% of the environmental impact, which has a decisive impact on the product life cycle. Therefore, the green design of products can effectively solve the problem of environmental pollution and climate change from the source with respect to the principles of social, economic, and ecological sustainability. A comprehensive literature review is urgently needed to support green design efficiently and comprehensively in view of the complexity of the product design information and the diversity of green design methods. Therefore, this paper focuses on the four key aspects of product green design, i.e., modeling, assessment, optimization, and tools, which systematically investigates the literature and analyzes the characteristics, application, and mutual problem of the methods. Based on this, conclusions for the future research directions of product green design were drawn from the following aspects: (1) the life cycle integrated model considering the complex mapping association mechanism, (2) the inventory data acquisition strategy for life cycle environmental impact assessment, (3) the life cycle optimization on the basis of the artificial intelligence, and (4) the integrated tool of green design.