Abstract
Implantable cardiac devices, including defibrillators and pacemakers, may be the cause of tricuspid regurgitation (
TR
) or may worsen existing
TR
. This review of the literature suggests that
TR
usually occurs over time after lead implantation. Diagnosis by clinical exam and 2‐dimensional echocardiography may be augmented by 3‐dimensional echocardiography and/or computed tomography. The mechanism may be mechanical perforation or laceration of leaflets, scarring and restriction of leaflets, or asynchronized activation of the right ventricle. Pacemaker‐related
TR
might cause severe right‐sided heart failure, but data regarding associated mortality are lacking. This comprehensive review summarizes the data regarding incidence, mechanism, and treatment of lead‐related
TR
.