Abstract
The present work proposes a two degree of freedom tilt integral derivative (2-DOFTID) controller tuned with a firefly algorithm (FA) for a two-area automatic generation control (AGC) power system. Initially, a standard two-area power system is tested to show the superior output of the proposed controller relative to other control strategies. After that, the 2-DOFTID controller for the next test system is continued as a secondary controller, it is a restructured power system. It consists of thermal, hydro and wind systems for area-1 and thermal, hydro and diesel systems for area-2. In addition, the operation of the Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) and redox flow battery (RFB) is analysed. Finally, a robustness study was carried out and the simulation results showed that 2-DOFTID plus UPFC and RFB integrated system performed better than others under all scenarios of restructured power system.