Abstract
A group of experts are commonly invited to find an optimal solution to a complex decision making problem. When the bipolarity of decision information should be considered in group decision making (GDM), intuitionistic fuzzy values (IFVs) have the capability to model such opinions of decision makers (DMs). This paper develops a consensus model in GDM under intuitionistic fuzzy environments with flexibility. First, it is assumed that the initial opinions of DMs are expressed as intuitionistic fuzzy preference relations (IFPRs). A novel additive consistency index is constructed to measure the deviation degree of IFPRs from fuzzy preference relations (FPRs) with additive consistency, where the non-determinacy degree of IFPRs is incorporated. The thresholds of the proposed index corresponding to IFPRs with acceptable additive consistency are discussed and computed. Second, the consensus level of DMs is defined using the similarity degree between two IFVs. An optimization problem is established by maximizing the fitness function, which is constructed by linearly combining the proposed additive consistency index and consensus level. Two flexibility degrees are offered to each DM such that the initial opinions with the bipolarity can be adjusted correspondingly. Third, individual IFPRs in GDM are optimized using the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. Numerical examples are carried out to illustrate the proposed consensus model by comparing with the existing ones. The obtained results reveal that the proposed additive consistency index can reflect the inherent property of IFPRs. Different with the previous studies, two original flexibility degrees are proposed to characterize the multi-granularity of decision information in GDM.
•A novel consistency index is constructed to measure the inconsistency degree of IFPRs.•An optimization model is proposed by considering the consistency degree and consensus level.•A novel algorithm of group decision making is established where the PSO algorithm is used.