Abstract
Borate glasses in the system (1 - x) [29Na(2)O - 4Al(2)O(3) - 67B(2)O(3)] - x ZnO with (x = 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, and 35 mol%), have been prepared by the melt quenching technique. The longitudinal ultrasonic attenuation of the prepared sample has been measured using the pulse echo technique at ultrasonic frequencies 2, 4, 6 and 8 MHz in the temperature range between 160 and 300 K. The results showed well-defined peak whose position shifts toward higher temperature with increasing frequency. The mean activation energy is strongly composition sensitive. The position and overall shape of the loss peaks in dependence on composition were analyzed in terms of an assumed loss of standard linear solid type with low dispersion, and a broad distribution of Arrhenius-type relaxation with temperature independent relaxation strength. The dependence of ultrasonic attenuation on temperature has been interpreted in terms of a thermally activated relaxation process which arises when ultrasonic waves disturb the equilibrium of an atom moving in a double-well potential in the glass network. The dependence of activation energy on composition suggests that the structure of these glasses changes at 15 mol% ZnO concentration. (C) 2011 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved.