Abstract
The present study demonstrates the synthesis of lactose-free dairy items by Kluyveromyces lactis beta-galactosidase bound to polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-modified gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). The size of AuNPs was analyzed by dynamic light scattering experiment. The developed AuNPs served as a stable matrix for enzyme immobilization which was observed by obtaining 88% immobilization yield. K-m and V-max were determined for soluble and immobilized enzyme by incubating them with varying concentrations of substrate. Our findings indicate that immobilization leads to an increase of K-m and a decline in V-max values for the enzyme attached to PVA-functionalized AuNPs. Moreover, the enzyme conjugated to surface functionalized AuNPs displayed exceptional conversion of lactose hydrolysis in batch reactors at 40 degrees C in contrast to its hydrolysis at 50 degrees C. Hence, the developed nanosystem [beta-galactosidase-(PVA-modified AuNPs)] serves as an excellent model for suggesting its application in other biomedical applications, particularly for constructing lactose based biosensors.