Abstract
Background and Aim: Genetic factors play a significant role in the onset and progression of coronary artery disease (CAD).
PIK3C2A
may contribute to the development of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) by affecting blood glucose levels and oxidative stress. The expression levels of
TXNIP
were significantly higher in patients with unstable angina pectoris. However, the situation is different in ACS. In the current study, we aim to investigate the role of
PIK3C2A
and
TXNIP
as independent risk factors for chronic stable angina (CSA) and ACS. Subjects and Methods: This study involved 215 subjects (60 patients with CSA, 55 patients with ACS, and 100 controls). All subjects were exposed for assaying gene expressions of
PIK3C2A
and
TXNIP
by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: It was found that
TXNIP
was upregulated, whereas
PIK3C2A
was downregulated in patients with CAD compared to the control group.
PIK3C2A
was significantly downregulated in patients with ACS compared to that in patients with CSA (
p
< 0.001), but
TXNIP
was not (
p
= 0.7).
TXNIP
was significantly upregulated in STEMI-ACS patients compared to CSA (
p
= 0.045) and NSTEMI ACS (
p
= 0.046), among non-diabetic (
p
= 0.023) smokers (
p
= 0.036) with hypertension (
p
= 0.005) and hypercholesterolemia (
p
= 0.001). ROC (receiver operating characteristic) curve analysis revealed that
PIK3C2A
(0.981;
p
< 0.001; 98.18) was the most sensitive mRNA for discriminating ACS from control, followed by
TXNIP
(0.775;
p
< 0.001; 70.91). However, for discriminating ACS from CSA combined mRNAs, (
PIK3C2A + TXNIP
) (0.893;
p
< 0.001; 98.18) and
PIK3C2A
(0.892;
p
< 0.001; 81.82) are promising biomarkers. On the other hand, the most sensitive mRNA for differentiating CSA from control is mRNAs (
PIK3C2A + TXNIP
) (0.963;
p
< 0.001; 95), then
TXINP
(81.3;
p
< 0.001; 93.33), and finally,
PIK3C2A
(0.782;
p
< 0.001; 81.67). In the multivariate regression model,
PIK3C2A
((
p
= 0.002), 0.118 (0.031–0.445)) and smoking status ((
p
= 0.034); 0.151 (0.026–0.866)) were independent variables for ACS. Moreover,
PIK3C2A
((
p
< 0.013); 0.706 (0.614–0.812)), Hb ((
p
= 0.013); 0.525 (0.317–0.871)), and total cholesterol ((
p
= 0.04); 0.865 (0.784–0.955)) were significantly (
p
< 0.05) and independently related to the prognosis of CSA. Furthermore,
PIK3C2A
((
p
= 0.002), 0.923 (0.877–0.971)),
TXNIP
((
p
= 0.001); 2.809 (1.558–5.064)) the body weight ((
p
= 0.033); 1.254 (1.018–1.544)) were independently associated with CSA. Conclusions: Our study concluded that the dysregulated mRNA
PIK3C2A
and
TXNIP
gene expressions may be useful in diagnosis of CAD and prediction of ACS development.