Abstract
As the number of road accidents increases, it is critical to avoid making driving mistakes. Driver fatigue detection is a concern that has prompted researchers to develop numerous algorithms to address this issue. The challenge is to identify the sleepy drivers with accurate and speedy alerts. Several datasets were used to develop fatigue detection algorithms such as electroencephalogram (EEG), electrooculogram (EOG), electrocardiogram (ECG), and electromyogram (EMG) recordings of the driver's activities e.g., DROZY dataset. This study proposes a fatigue detection system based on Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) with machine learning and deep learning classifiers. The FFT and DWT are used for feature extraction and noise removal tasks. In addition, the classification task is carried out on the combined EEG, EOG, ECG, and EMG signals using machine learning and deep learning algorithms including 1D Convolutional Neural Networks (1D CNNs), Concatenated CNNs (C-CNNs), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest (RF), Decision Tree (DT), k-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Quadrature Data Analysis (QDA), Multi-layer Perceptron (MLP), and Logistic Regression (LR). The proposed methods are validated on two scenarios, multi-class and binary-class classification. The simulation results reveal that the proposed models achieved a high performance for fatigue detection from medical signals, with a detection accuracy of 90% and 96% for multiclass and binary-class scenarios, respectively. The works in the literature achieved a maximum accuracy of 95%. Therefore, the proposed methods outperform similar efforts in terms of detection accuracy.