Abstract
Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is a highly infectious disease caused by newly discovered severe
acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Since the inception of SARS-CoV-2 in Wuhan, China, the
virus has traveled more than 200 countries globally. The role of SARS-CoV-2 in COVID-19 has been thoroughly
investigated and reviewed in the last 22 months or so; however, a comprehensive outline of miRNAs in SARS-CoV-
2 infection is still missing.
The genetic material of SARS-CoV-2 is a single-stranded RNA molecule nearly 29 kb in size. RNA is composed of
numerous sub-constituents RNA is found in the cells in a number of forms. including microRNAs (miRNAs). miRNAs
play an essential role in biological processes like apoptosis, cellular metabolism, cell death, cell movement,
oncogenesis, intracellular signaling, immunity, and infection. Lately, miRNAs have been involved in SARS-CoV-2
infection, though the clear demonstration of miRNAs in the SARS-CoV-2 infection is not fully elucidated. The present
review article summarizes recent findings of miRNAs associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. We presented
various facets of miRNAs. miRNAs as the protagonists in viral infection, the occurrence of miRNA in cellular receptors,
expression of miRNAs in multiple diseases, miRNA as a biomarker, and miRNA as a therapeutic tool have been
discussed in detail. We also presented the vaccine status available in various countries.