Abstract
The unique electrocatalytic properties of the metal oxides and the ease of metal oxide nanostructured fabrication make them extremely interesting materials for electrochemical enzymatic biosensor applications. The application of nanostructured metal oxides in such sensing devices has taken off rapidly and will surely continue to expand. This article provides a review on current research status of electrochemical enzymatic biosensors based on various new types of nanostructured metal oxides such as nanotubes, nanorods, nanobelts, and nanowires. These nanostructured-based amperomatric biosensors represent a powerful detection platform for electrochemical enzymatic biosensors. It is a crucial requirement of consumers to design simple, affordable, reliable and portable electrochemical biosensors, which provides novel key features, including high sensitivity, selectivity, fast response, low detection limit, fast response with minimum intereferences from bulk species and could operate at low potential. Such electrochemical biosensors could be useful for diagnosing and monitoring infectious disease, monitoring the pharmokinetics of drugs, detecting cancer, and disease biomarkers, analyzing breath, urine and blood for drugs of abuse. It is only a matter of time before such protocols are used for routine diagnostic applications.